Buttermilk is the nearly milkfat-free fluid remaining from the butter-making process (i.e. churning fermented or non-fermented milk and cream). Buttermilk is also produced by fermentation of fluid skim milk, either by spontaneous souring by the action of lactic acid-forming or aroma-forming bacteria, or by inoculation of heated milk with pure bacterial cultures (cultured buttermilk). Buttermilk may be pasteurized or sterilized. (Adapted from FAO & WHO. 2023. General Standard for Food Additives. Codex Standard, No. CXS 192-1995. Rome. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius)
Deep-sea currents that tend to move parallel to the bathymetric contours are known as bottom currents. (EBSCO. 2024. Deep Ocean Currents. https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/oceanography/deep-ocean-currents)
A digital tool through which farmers or other extension actors share, access or discuss agricultural information or knowledge. (Coggins, S., McCampbell, M., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Haefele, S.M., Karki, E., Hetherington, J., Smith, J. and Brown, B., 2022. How have smallholder farmers used digital extension tools? Developer and user voices from Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia. Global food security, 32, p.100577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100577)
The process of removing stains or of whitening a substance such as fabrics, especially by the use of chemical agents. (Adapted from Wiktionary, 2024. Bleaching. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bleaching)
The systematic study of the global gene expression changes due to epigenetic processes and not due to DNA base sequence changes. (DeCS/MESH. 2025. Epigenetics. https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=54355)
The spattering of small soil particles caused by the impact of raindrops on wet soils. The loosened and spattered particles may or may not be subsequently removed by surface runoff. (https://agclass.nal.usda.gov/mtwdk.exe?k=default&l=60&w=63960&n=1&s=5&t=2)
The genus Camelus includes two domestic species, the Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius, one hump) and the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus, two humps), as well as the wild camel (Camelus ferus, two humps). (Genaro C. Miranda-de la Lama, Morris Villarroel, Behavioural biology of South American domestic camelids: An overview from a welfare perspective, Small Ruminant Research, Volume 220, 2023, 106918, ISSN 0921-4488, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.106918)
