Heat stress denotes the impact(s) of high temperatures on an individual organism or species. It encompasses a variety of phenomena and timescales, covering the entire range of behavioral, biochemical, physiological, and morphological impacts that result from exposure to increasingly high temperatures. (FAO and WMO. 2026. Extreme heat and agriculture – FAO–WMO joint report. Rome and Geneva. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd9394en)
Note
The effect of extreme heat on an organism can accumulate and range from mild levels of stress (typically mitigated through behavioral adjustments) to increasingly severe stress levels that cause metabolic disruption, cellular breakdown, systemic failures and death.
A pre-emergence residual herbicide for total control of weeds and mosses in a variety of agricultural and non-agricultural situations. (http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/Reports/260.htm)
Endosulfan is an organochlorine pesticide widely used in agriculture as an insecticide and acaricide. (FAO. 2023. The impact of pesticide residues on the gut microbiome and human health – A food safety
perspective. Food Safety and Quality Series, No. 19. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5306en)
This insecticide is sprayed on the leaves of crops such as cotton and grains. It is also used to control rodents such as mice and voles. Animals can metabolize endrin, so it does not accumulate in their fatty tissue to the extent that structurally similar chemicals do. It has a long half-life, however, persisting in the soil for up to 12 years. In addition, endrin is highly toxic to fish (Secretariat of the Stockholm Convention, 2019. The 12 initial POPs under the Stockholm Convention https://www.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/The12InitialPOPs/tabid/296/Default.aspx)
Equine rhinopneumonitis (ER) is a collective term for any one of several contagious, clinical disease entities of equids that may occur as a result of infection by either of two closely related herpesviruses, equid herpesvirus-1 and -4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4). (https://www.woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.05.09_EQUINE_RHINO.pdf)
Wood that is used as a source of energy for heating, cooking, or generating power. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
Note
Because firewood is an unprocessed form of wood energy, it is both a woodfuel and a fuelwood. However, charcoal (the carbonized wood) is only a woodfuel.
