Farmer-led irrigation is defined as a process by which small-scale farmers or commercial farmers drive the establishment, improvement, and/or expansion of irrigated agriculture, often in interaction with external actors. It typically involves entrepreneurial investments by farmers either alone or in groups. (Adapted from Nzeyimana, Innocent. Assessment of Farmer-Led Irrigation Development in Rwanda. Washington, D.C: The World Bank, 2021. Web. https://primo.bib.htw-dresden.de/discovery/fulldisplay/alma99548290002581/49HTW_INST:49HTW_VU1)
An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain. (Wikipedia, 2025. Unsaturated fat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsaturated_fat)
Feedstuffs are usually described by their chemical composition as well as by their nutritional value. Information on the composition of a feedstuff is acquired through chemical analysis, and most commonly includes such parameters as dry matter, protein, fiber fractions, organic matter and fat contents. (Gizzi, Gisèle & Givens, Ian. (2004). Variability in feed composition and its impact on animal production. https://www.fao.org/4/y5159e/y5159e04.htm)
A polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds.[ (Wikipedia, 2024. Polyunsaturated fat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyunsaturated_fat)
A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds between the carbon atoms. (Wikipedia. Saturated fat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturated_fat)
Feed composition, delivery equipment, monitoring, automation and data exchange associated with livestock nutritional requirements. (ISO/TMB/SAG SF - Strategic Advisory Group on Smart Farming, Final Report – January 2023, https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/publications/en/2023_SAG-SF_Final_Report.pdf)
The ability of a substance to absorb moisture from air. For example, sodium hydroxide pellets are so hygroscopic that they dissolve in the water they absorb from the air. (http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/glossary/h.shtml)
The index of refraction (n) is an essential parameter in optics that determines the speed by which light travels through a medium other than a vacuum. (Gallegos J, Stokkermans TJ. Refractive Index. [Updated 2023 May 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK592413/)
Feed formulation is a calculation to decide how much of each raw ingredient to use to prepare a feed. The general objective of feed formulation is to mix ingredients of differing nutritional quality so as to obtain a balanced diet whose biologically available nutrient profile approximates to the dietary needs of the animal in question. Many manufacturers use the "least cost" method, where the ingredients of a feed may change regularly according to the availability and price of different feedstuffs, but the final formulation of the feed (in terms of percentage and overall quality of protein, fats, etc.) will remain constant. (FAO. 2008. Glossary of aquaculture. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/a1555m)
Type of animal feeding operation, primarily used to keep large number of cattle in pens prior to slaughter. Feedlots are associated with both the provision of high energy feedstuffs and the generation of considerable amounts of high moisture content wastes. (Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, FAO, 2014)
