A measure of the genetic differences between two populations (or species) calculated on the basis of allelic frequencies in both populations/species, or between two individuals based either on the identity by state (IBS) of markers or on genomic relationships. (Ajmone-Marsan, P., Boettcher, P.J., Colli, L., Ginja, C, Kantanen J. & Lenstra, J.A., eds. 2023.
Genomic characterization of animal genetic resources – Practical guide. FAO Animal Production and Health Guidelines No. 32. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc3079en)
A plasmid or phage that is used to carry inserted foreign DNA for the purposes of producing more material or a protein product. (https://www.cabi.org/cabthesaurus/mtwdk.exe?k=default&l=60&w=37742&n=1&s=5&t=2)
An external skeleton or shell that protects and supports an animal’s body. (FAO and Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, the United Republic of Tanzania. 2024. Forests for a sustainable future: education modules for primary schools – Teacher's book: Module 1 Forest products, plants and animals. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc4628en)
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), also known as glucose–fructose, isoglucose and glucose–fructose syrup, is a sweetener made from corn starch. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-fructose_corn_syrup)
Flatworms are unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical worms that lack a coelom (acoelomate) but that do have three germ layers. Some forms are free living but many are parasitic. Flatworms include a large number of parasitic forms, some of which are extremely damaging to human populations. (Myers, P. 2002. "Platyhelminthes" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 19, 2023 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Platyhelminthes/)
Cytologic evaluation is the analysis of cells from the body under a microscope. This is done to determine what the cells look like, and how they form and function. (https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002323.htm)
Formulation in the form of tablets to be used individually, to form a dispersion of the active constituent after disintegration in water. (FAO/WHO. 2016. Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides. 1st Edition, 3rd revision, FAO, Rome. Available online: http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/jmps/manual/en/ )
A hybrid protein is a complex of two or more polypeptide sequences or fragments thereof which would not normally be associated, but are coupled together either by fusing the genes which encode them (gene fusions) or by chemically cross-linking the purified component parts. (Pugsley, A.P. (1988). The Use of Hybrid Proteins in the Study of Protein Targeting Signals. In: Op den Kamp, J.A.F. (eds) Membrane Biogenesis. NATO ASI Series, vol 16. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73184-6_26)
Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure monoclonal antibodies or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell. (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi)
