The wearing away of the land by running water, rainfall, wind, ice or other geological agents, including such processes as detachment, entrainment, suspension, transportation and mass movement. (FAO. 2022. The State of the World’s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture – Systems at breaking point. Main report. Rome.
https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9910en)
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to Peronosporaceae. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downy_mildew)
Hibiscus syriacus is an erect, deciduous shrub growing 1.5 - 4 metres tall. An excellent hedge plant, it provides edible leaves and flowers, has a range of medicinal applications and also produces fibre, oil etc. The plant is widely cultivated as an ornamental in tropical to temperate regions. (Tropical Plants Database, Ken Fern. tropical.theferns.info. 2025-08-05. https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Hibiscus+syriacus)
