Activities aimed at supplementing or sustaining the recruitment of one or more aquatic species and raising the total production or the production of selected elements of a fishery beyond a level, which is sustainable through existing natural processes. In this sense stock enhancement includes enhancement measures, which may take the form of: introduction of new species; stocking natural and artificial water bodies, including with material originating from aquaculture installations; fertilization; environmental engineering including habitat improvements and modification of water bodies; altering species composition including elimination of undesirable species or constituting an artificial fauna of selected species; genetic modification and introduction of non-native species or genotypes. (FAO, 2013. COFI Sub-Committee on Aquaculture 7th Session Documents. The role of the sub-committee in promoting responsible culture-based fisheries. COFI:AQ/VII/2013/8 https://www.fao.org/fi/static-media/MeetingDocuments/COFI_AQ/2013/8e.pdf)
Mastitis, metritis and agalactia (MMA) is a complex syndrome seen in sows shortly (12 hours to three days) after farrowing. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the mammary glands (udder) and/or the urogenital tract. (Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board. 2025. Mastitis, metritis and agalactia (MMA) in sows https://ahdb.org.uk/knowledge-library/mastitis-metritis-and-agalactia-mma-in-sows)
The oceanic or limnological mixed layer is a layer in which active turbulence has homogenized some range of depths. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_layer)
Sea caves are deeply hollowed-out sections of sea cliff that occur where agents of coastal weathering and erosion have penetrated far into zones of rock weakness. (Zenkovich, V. P., 1967. Processes of Coastal Development. New York: Wiley Interscience, 738p.)
That part of the year in which various fish species are sexually active. (Leopold, M. (comp.) (1978) Glossary of inland fishery terms / Glossaire de termes utilisés dans le domaine des pêches intérieures. EIFAC Occasional Paper (12): 126 p.)
Gender inequality is discrimination on the basis of sex or gender causing one sex or gender to be routinely privileged or prioritized over another. (https://www.savethechildren.org/us/charity-stories/how-gender-discrimination-impacts-boys-and-girls)
The Pliocene Epoch is the epoch in the geologic timescale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58[8] million years BP. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliocene)
The mixture of amino acids and peptides produced by enzymatic or acid hydrolysis of casein. (FAO Glossary of Biotechnology for Food and Agriculture, 2001)
Anthemis cotula was originally described by Linnaeus (1753). Other names for this species include Anthemis foetida Lam., Maruta cotula (L.) DC, and Maruta foetida Cass. A. cotula L. is by far the most common Latin name used for this species, with other references being rare. (http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/5672)
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is adapted to moderate climates. It produces long, cylindrical or lobed, bristly, condensed panicles. It is grown for both food and feed. Prior to the availability of sorghum-sudangrass forage hybrids, foxtail millet was an important temporary pasture species. (Adapted from FAO and ICRISAT, 1996. The World Sorghum and Millet Economies: Facts, Trends and Outlook. https://www.fao.org/3/w1808e/w1808e00.htm)
Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source. In living beings, observation employs the senses. In science, observation can also involve the perception and recording of data via the use of scientific instruments. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observation)
Depth of the mixed layer. The oceanic or limnological mixed layer is a layer in which active turbulence has homogenized some range of depths. (https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Mixed_layer)
Individuals or institutions working together to produce or achieve something. (WHO, OIE and FAO. 2020. Joint Risk Assessment Operational Tool (JRA OT): An Operational Tool of the Tripartite Zoonoses Guide – Taking a Multisectoral, One Health Approach: A Tripartite Guide to Addressing Zoonotic Diseases in Countries. Geneva. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CB1520EN)
A detailed, usually official record of a vessels fishing activity registered systematically on board the fishing vessel, usually including information on catch and its species composition, the corresponding fishing effort and location. Completion of logbooks may be a compulsory requirement for a fishing licence. (FAO (1998): Guidelines for the routine collection of capture fishery data. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap, 382: 113 p.)
Effects of large, rapid market declines that threaten to create panic conditions, or disorderly market conditions. (IOSC. 1992. COORDINATION BETWEEN CASH AND DERIVATIVE MARKETS. https://www.iosco.org/library/pubdocs/pdf/IOSCOPD143-Appendix3.pdf)
An elastic modulus (also known as modulus of elasticity) is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a stress is applied to it. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_modulus)
An inflammatory process involving the brain (encephalitis) and meninges (meningitis), most often produced by pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other conditions. (MeSH, 2024. Meningoencephalitis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68008590)
