Species capable, under natural conditions, of sustaining a specific pest or other organism. (IPPC Secretariat. 2023. Glossary of phytosanitary terms. International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No. 5. Rome. FAO on behalf of the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention.)
The presence or absence of disease-causing organisms (e.g. fungi, bacteria and viruses) and animal pests (e.g. nematodes and insects). (FAO and AfricaSeeds, 2018. Seeds toolkit. Module 3: Seed quality assurance https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca1492en)
An inland sea (also known as an epeiric sea or an epicontinental sea) is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level that result in marine transgressions. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inland_sea_(geology))
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Use for Great Lakes, Caspian, Aral Sea and other large inland bodies of water
The Monin-Obukhov length is used to describe the effects of buoyancy on turbulent flows, particularly in the lower tenth of the atmospheric boundary layer. A simple definition of the Monin-Obukhov length is that height at which turbulence is generated more by buoyancy than by wind shear. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monin%E2%80%93Obukhov_length)
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. (MeSH. 2025. Liver Cirrhosis. https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D008103)
Decent work refers to opportunities for all individuals to engage in work that is productive and ensures a fair income, security in the workplace and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and social integration. (FAO, NRI and AWARD. 2026. The status of women in agrifood systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd9262en)
Radiation emitted from the natural radioactive substances in the ground. Terrestrial radiation causes external radiation exposure of human beings. (European Nuclear Society. 2025. Terrestrial radiation https://www.euronuclear.org/glossary/terrestrial-radiation/)
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Use for long wave radiation component of atmosphere
Fish skin is a multipurpose tissue with important functions—protection, perception, and hormone metabolism—in the fish body. As a byproduct of fish processing, it can be used as a material for extracting collagen, making leather, and related pathological research. (PAN, Luying & BIAN, Li & YANG, Yun & LI, Fenghui & HU, Qiong & ZHANG, Ziyang & WANG, Xiaoran & KONG, Qing & Chen, Siqing. (2024). Observation of the Skin Histology of Thamnaconus septentrionalis. Progress in Fishery Sciences. 45. 10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230330002.)
A longliner is defined as a fishing vessel employing longlines. Longlines can be operated from vessels of any size adapted to the length of longline to be set. (Thermes, S., Van Anrooy, R., Gudmundsson, A. & Davy, D. 2023. Classification and definition of fishing vessel types. Second edition. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No. 267. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7468en)
A group of blood tests used to detect, evaluate, and monitor liver disease or damage. A liver function test measures enzymes, proteins, and other substances that are produced or excreted by the liver, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin, and albumin. (Clinicalinfo Glossary. 2025. Liver Function Test. https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/liver-function-test)
An aggregate fruit is basically a cluster of simple fruits (fruitlets) that are produced from several separate carpels of a single flower, e.g., strawberry, blackberry, etc. (https://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/186290)
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In an aggregate fruit, which is composed of small, individual drupes (such as a raspberry), each individual is termed a drupelet, and may together form an aggregate fruit. Such fruits are often termed berries, although botanists use a different definition of berry.
A disease caused by an infection with the gram-negative bacteria Yersinia pestis. This disease presents with symptoms depending on the site of infection, and may be fatal. Transmission is through the bite of an infected flea, by direct contact, or by droplet transmission. (International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision (ICD-11), World Health Organization (WHO) 2019/2021 https://icd.who.int/browse11. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-ND 3.0 IGO) https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#1596449540)
Turbidite systems with a point source that typically display a fan-shaped outline. (Mulder, T., Hüneke, H. (2016). Deep-sea Fans. In: Harff, J., Meschede, M., Petersen, S., Thiede, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6238-1_52)
