A chronic debilitating protozoan disease of cattle and horses. It also occurs in wild animals such as antelope, wildebeest (gnu) in Africa and caribou in Canada. The causative agent in cattle is Besnoitia besnoiti and Besnoitia benetti in horses. (Manual on meat inspection for developing countries, FAO Animal Production and Health Paper No. 119, FAO, 1994 (http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC).)
Lingonberries are picked in the wild and used to accompany a variety of dishes in Northern Baltoscandia and Russia. Commercial cultivation is undertaken in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in many other regions of the world. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_vitis-idaea)
Molecular evolution deals with the mechanisms underlying evolution at the molecular level. (Clark, D. P., Pazdernik, N. J., & McGehee, M. R. (2019). Chapter 29 - Molecular Evolution. In D. P. Clark, N. J. Pazdernik, & M. R. McGehee (Eds.), Molecular Biology (Third Edition) (Third Edition, pp. 925–969). Academic Cell. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813288-3.00029-X)
The process of transferring goods or cargo from one vessel or mode of transport to another during their journey to the final destination. This often occurs at intermediate ports or hubs where cargo is unloaded from one ship and reloaded onto another. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
In navigation, dead reckoning is the process of calculating one's current position by using a previously determined position, or fix, by using estimations of speed and course over elapsed time. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_reckoning)
Sequence similarity is the similarity (expressed as a percentage) of two molecular sequences calculated from their alignment, a scoring matrix for scoring characters substitutions and penalties for gap insertion and extension. (EDAM - Bioscientific data analysis ontology http://edamontology.org/data_1413 Accessed 28 April 2023)
It is water-immisible, stable and synthetic membrane made of liquid and used mainly for separation or filtration processes. It serves as a membrane barrier between two phases of aqueous solutions or gas mixtures. (NALT)
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_repair)
The process of determining the number of bacteria present in a sample. (Western Washington University. nd. BACTERIAL ENUMERATION https://fire.biol.wwu.edu/brodham/biol346_S07/labman_week4.pdf)
Sus scrofa domesticus (domestic pig). The domestic pig is a large, domesticated, even-toed ungulate that traces its ancestry to the wild boar; it is considered a subspecies of the wild boar or a distinct species in its own right. (National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Taxonomy Summary for Taxonomy 9825, Sus scrofa domesticus (domestic pig). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/Sus-scrofa-domesticus. Accessed Dec. 3, 2024.)
Note
Sus domesticus is considered a subspecies of Sus scrofa (the wild boar or Eurasian boar) by some authorities, but as a distinct species by others.
Equine encephalosis (EE) is an arthropod-borne, noncontagious, febrile disease of horses. It is caused by EE virus (EEV), an Orbivirus of the Reoviridae family transmitted by Culicoides. (Tirosh-Levy S, Steinman A. Equine Encephalosis Virus. Animals (Basel). 2022 Jan 29;12(3):337. doi: 10.3390/ani12030337. PMID: 35158658; PMCID: PMC8833465.)
Substance that modulates metabolic functions leading to beneficial outcomes, also called bioactive factor. (FAO. 2022. Contribution of terrestrial animal source food to healthy diets for improved nutrition and health outcomes – Key messages. Rome. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cc0946en)
Borna disease (BD) is known since the 19th century as a sporadically occurring meningoencephalitis of domestic mammals, mainly horses, sheep and New World camelids. (Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 2024. Bornaviruses https://www.fli.de/en/news/animal-disease-situation/bornaviruses/)
Product, process, or business model that is perceived as new, requires some significant changes on the part of adopters, and is embodied in or enabled by IT. (Dos Santos, Brian & Fichman, Robert & Zheng, Zhiqiang. (2014). Digital Innovation as a Fundamental and Powerful Concept in the Information Systems Curriculum. MIS Quarterly. 38. 329-353. 10.25300/MISQ/2014/38.2.01.)
