“Child welfare” is a term used to describe a set of government and private services designed to protect children and encourage family stability. (Canadian Child Welfare Research Portal, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) https://cwrp.ca/frequently-asked-questions-faqs)
Potato aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Alphaflexiviridae. (Wikipedia. 2025. Potato aucuba mosaic virus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato_aucuba_mosaic_virus)
Sampling of biological components or of organisms (or chemicals associated with their presence). Often used for aquatic organisms and plants. (Adapted from ASFA Thesaurus.)
Parmesan (Italian: Parmigiano Reggiano) is an Italian hard, granular cheese produced from cows' milk and aged at least 12 months. Both Parmigiano Reggiano and Parmesan are protected designations of origin (PDO) for cheeses produced in these provinces under Italian and European law. (Adapted from Wikipedia, 2024. Parmesan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parmesan)
Particulate organic carbon refers specifically to the mass of carbon in the particulate organic material. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulate_organic_matter)
Sterility mosaic disease (SMD) is a major viral disease affecting pigeonpea cultivation that is reported from India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. (Rawal, V. & Navarro, D. K., eds. 2019. The Global Economy of Pulses. Rome, FAO. https://www.fao.org/3/i7108en/I7108EN.pdf)
Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV), a member of the genus Phytoreovirus in the family Reoviridae, was first described in 1979 in Thailand as the causative agent of a severe disease of rice in China and Southeast Asia. (Jia D, Luo G, Shi W, Liu Y, Liu H, Zhang X, Wei T. Rice Gall Dwarf Virus Promotes the Propagation and Transmission of Rice Stripe Mosaic Virus by Co-infected Insect Vectors. Front Microbiol. 2022 Feb 11;13:834712. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.834712. PMID: 35222343; PMCID: PMC8874222.)
The principle and right of ‘free, prior and informed consent’ demands that states and organizations of all kinds and at all levels obtain Indigenous Peoples’ authorization before designing, adopting and implementing projects, programmes or legislative and administrative measures that may affect them. It emphasizes that Indigenous Peoples are allow to give or withhold their consent and that they must be included in consultative processes, that the time requirements for these processes be respected and that information on the likely impact of activities be disclosed in advance. (Adapted by FAO Indigenous Peoples Unit (2022) from FAO Policy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, FAO 2010 (https://www.fao.org/3/i1857e/i1857e00.pdf); United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) 2007, (https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf))
Note
Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) is a specific right that pertains to indigenous peoples and is recognised in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).
Heavy grazing can be defined as a degree of herbage utilization that does not permit desirable forage species to maintain themselves. (Klipple, G.E. and R.E. Bement. 1961. Light grazing—Is it economically feasible as a range improvement practice? J. Range Manage. 14:57–62.)
Pollen collection by a bee using bursts of wing muscle vibration while clinging to the anther— ejecting pollen from the anther apical pore, or shedding pollen from a normal anther. (The pollination of cultivated plants: a compendium for practitioners-Vol. 2, FAO, 2018)
Soil survey is a systematic study of the soil of an area including classification and mapping of the properties and the distribution of various soil units. (http://www.fao.org/soils-portal/soil-survey/en/)
Black queen cell virus (BQCV) only affects the queen cells, and is one of the most frequent causes of mortality among the queen larvae. Affected queen bee pupae turn yellow, and the skin of the pupae becomes sac-like. The dead queen bee pupae may change to a brown-black colour. The walls of the queen bee cell also become brownblack in colour, hence the name of the virus. (Good beekeeping practices - Practical manual on how to identify and control the main diseases of the honeybee (Apis mellifera), FAO, 2020 (http://www.fao.org/3/ca9182en/CA9182EN.pdf).)
Set of regulations and norms of tenure derived from and maintained by the State according to State law. Statutory law governs formally titled/registered properties. Statutory or de jure tenure may diverge from de facto tenure, i.e. legally recognised tenure may diverge from what is actually practised in reality. (Kelly D, Waters-Bayer A, Ulambayar T, Johnsen KI, Magero C & Niamir-Fuller M. 2024. Pastoralism and rangelands: people and institutions –a glossary of terms. Version 1. International Rangeland Congress in collaboration with Global Alliance for the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists https://iyrp.info/sites/default/files/2025-01/Glossary_pastoralism-rangelands_people-institutions-2024.pdf)
Fowlpox is the worldwide disease of poultry caused by viruses of the family Poxviridae and the genus Avipoxvirus. The viruses causing fowlpox are distinct from one another but antigenically similar, possible hosts including chickens, turkeys, quail, canaries, pigeons, and many other species of birds. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fowlpox)
