Indehiscent fruits do not scatter their seeds. It is distinguished between berries, drupes, and nuts depending on the composition of the pericarp. (http://www1.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/e02/02f.htm)
A process of systemic change through which a segment of the population, often comprised of disadvantaged groups, is protected and enabled to use the law to advance their rights and their interests as citizens and economic actors. (Based on A/64/133, paras. 2-3, and Commission on Legal Empowerment for the Poor. Making the Law Work for Everyone. New York: Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor and United Nations Development Programme, 2008, pp. 137–138.)
Nairobi sheep disease is a one of the most pathogenic diseases of small ruminants. In susceptible animals, this tick-borne viral infection results in a hemorrhagic gastroenteritis with very high morbidity and mortality rates. There is no effective treatment, and eradication is generally not feasible once the virus has become established in ticks. (Spickler, Anna Rovid. 2020. Nairobi Sheep Disease. Retrieved from http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/factsheets.php.)
Bound water is that fraction of water present, e.g. in materials, plants or minerals, which is either physically or chemically attached with other compounds and solid structural matrix. (Adapted from Joardder et al. 2018, "Characteristics of Bound Water" https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99888-6_3)
An ice age is a long period of reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age)
A gelatinized formulation to be applied as an aqueous solution. (FAO/WHO. 2016. Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides. 1st Edition, 3rd revision, FAO, Rome. Available online: http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/jmps/manual/en/ )
Deep-sea sediments in which the land-derived mineral components were deposited from a dilute suspension with a long residence time the water column and which settled slowly from the upper layers of the overlying water. (McGill University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2020. Deep-Sea Sediments. https://www.eps.mcgill.ca/~courses/c542/CHOC_Week%209a(Deep-Sea%20sediments)_2020.pdf)
Items derived from non-domesticated animals or plants, typically extracted from their natural environments or raised under controlled conditions. These products can include: ivory, tiger products, corals, bushmeat. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
Chenopodium album is a fast-growing weedy annual plant in the genus Chenopodium. Though cultivated in some regions, the plant is elsewhere considered a weed. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenopodium_album)
Pedoturbation involves mixing between soil horizons, and is an important factor in soil formation. Pedoturbation includes churning clays, cryoturbation, and bioturbation. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perturbation_(geology))
The Anthropocene is an informal geologic chronological term that serves to mark the evidence and extent of human activities that have had a significant global impact on the Earth’s ecosystems. (Bokheim (2020). Soils of Antarctica: A key to past environments. In: Oliva,M., Ruiz-FernándezPast, J., eds. Antarctica. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817925-3.00008-2)
A turbidity current is a rapid, downhill flow of water caused by increased density due to high amounts of sediment. (NOAA. 2024. What is a turbidity current? National Ocean Service website, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/turbidity.html )
Product certification or product qualification is the process of certifying that a certain product has passed performance tests and quality assurance tests, and meets qualification criteria stipulated in contracts, regulations, or specifications (typically called "certification schemes" in the product certification industry). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_certification)
