Multidrug-resistant bacteria are bacteria that are resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial drugs. (Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18(3):268-281. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x)
Glucuronic acid is generated during the production of sodium or calcium hypochlorite modified starch. Glucuronic acid is a normal constituent of the body. It is a precursor to ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and an integral part of the body’s normal metabolic process for the detoxification of chemicals. (Health Canada. 2014. Consultation Document on Health Canada's Proposal to Enable the Use of a New Food Additive, Calcium Hypochlorite, as a Starch-Modifying Agent https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/public-involvement-partnerships/use-new-food-additive-calcium-hypochlorite-starch-modifying-agent/consultation.html)
Nunavut is the largest and northernmost territory of Canada, separated from the Northwest Territories in 1999. (Adapted from Wikipedia by AGROVOC. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavut)
An ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) is a seismometer that is designed to record the earth motion under oceans and lakes from man-made sources and natural sources. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean-bottom_seismometer)
Tar spot is a foliar disease of corn that commonly occurs throughout the Caribbean, Central America, Mexico, and South America. (Crop Protection Network, 2020. An Overview of Tar Spot.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20190620-008)
Seismic wave propagation is a ground motion phenomenon that relates to the passage of body waves, including compression waves and shear waves, radially from the source of earthquake energy release (hypocenter) into the surrounding rock and soil medium. (Tesfamariam, Solomon & Goda, Katsuichiro. (2013). Seismic risk analysis and management of civil infrastructure systems: An overview. 10.1533/9780857098986.2.141.)
A measure of how much and how frequently prices fluctuate over time, often unpredictably. High price volatility means prices change rapidly and significantly, while low volatility indicates relatively stable prices. (FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO. 2025. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025 – Addressing high food price inflation for food security and nutrition. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd6008en)
Borehole water is water that is drawn from a borehole (a shaft or hole artificially dug in the ground, which has access to groundwater or underground aquifers, but does not include a water retaining cistern. (Adapted from Government of Malta, 2008. BOREHOLE DRILLING AND EXCAVATION WORKS WITHIN THE SATURATED ZONE REGULATIONS https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/mlt111580.pdf)
Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a destructive disease caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. musacearum (Xvm), a bacterium that indiscriminately infects all banana varieties grown in East and Central Africa (ECA). (Changing Dynamics in the Spread and Management of Banana Xanthomonas Wilt Disease in Uganda Over Two Decades. Jerome Kubiriba, Rockefeller Erima, Arthur K. Tugume, William Tinzaara, and Wilberforce K. Tushemereirwe. Phytobiomes Journal 2023 7:1, 29-41 https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PBIOMES-06-22-0038-RVW)
Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. (NALT https://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/22951)
Oat mosaic virus (OMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae. (Wikipedia, 2024. Oat mosaic virus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oat_mosaic_virus)
Intracytoplasmic infections with Xenohaliotis californiensis in gastrointestinal epithelia causes disease in wild and farmed abalones, Haliotis spp. Gross signs of the disease include pedal atrophy, mottled digestive gland, anorexia, weakness, and lethargy. (https://www.woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/aahm/current/2.4.07_X_CALIF.pdf)
Maize cobs are a by-product of the maize crop, consisting of the central fibrous rachis of the female inflorescence (the maize "ear"). It is the part of the ear on which the kernels grow. Maize cobs are a highly fibrous product with many agricultural and industrial applications. In agriculture, they are used for fuel, litter for poultry and other animals, mulch and soil conditioner, and as fodder for ruminants despite their low nutritive value. (Adapted from Heuzé V., Tran G., Lebas F., 2016. Maize cobs. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/718 and from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corncob)
