The mixing of soil or sediment from the generation of methane gas as organic matter decomposes or the overturn and dispersion of sediments during venting of gases and fluids. (Adapted from: Josenhans, H.W., King, L.H. and Fader, G.B.J. 1978. A side scan sonar mosaic of pockmarks on the Scotian Shelf. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,15, 83 1-840)
The quantitative or qualitative measure of the presence, effect or level of any polluting substance in air, water or soil. (http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6469)
The cochineal insect, Dactylopius coccus Costa, is a cryptic species (a taxon that uses anatomy or behaviour to elude predators) and the females spend their entire lives in colonies on the stems of prickly pear. This insect species is noted for the secretion of carminic acid, used by the ancient Aztecs to produce a crimson dye. (FAO and ICARDA. 2017. Crop ecology, cultivation and uses of cactus pear. Rome. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i7628en)
Veronica cymbalaria, the pale speedwell, glandular speedwell or cymbal speedwell is a species of flowering plant in the Plantaginaceae (Plantain) family. It is native to countries surrounding the Mediterranean and a little further afield, and has been introduced to parts of the Americas and New Zealand. (Wikipedia. 2025. Veronica cymbalaria https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veronica_cymbalaria)
Milk composition describes the chemical and physical properties of milk. Components include water, proteins, fat, cholesterol, lactose, casein, minerals and vitamins. There are large interspecies differences in nutrient composition. (Adapted from Milk and dairy products in human nutrition, FAO 2013 http://www.fao.org/3/i3396e/i3396e.pdf)
A floating slab of ice originating from land of considerable thickness extending from the coast (usually of great horizontal extent with a very gently sloping surface), resulting from the flow of ice sheets, initially formed by the accumulation of snow, and often filling embayments in the coastline of an ice sheet. Nearly all ice shelves are in Antarctica, where most of the ice discharged into the ocean flows via ice shelves. (IPCC. 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability - AR5-WG2 (03/2014) https://apps.ipcc.ch/glossary/)
A chronic inflammation in which the nasal mucosa gradually changes from a functional to a non-functional lining without mucociliary clearance. It is often accompanied by degradation of the bony turbinates, and the foul-smelling mucus which forms a greenish crust (ozena). (MeSH 2024. Rhinitis, Atrophic http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D012222)
Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are SNPs located in coding regions and resulting in amino acid variation in the protein products of genes. (Adapted from: Ramensky V, Bork P, Sunyaev S. Human non-synonymous SNPs: server and survey. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Sep 1;30(17):3894-900. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkf493. PMID: 12202775; PMCID: PMC137415.)
Acidemia is the state of low blood pH; acidosis is the process leading to the state of acidemia. (Burger M, Schaller DJ. Metabolic Acidosis. 2022 Jul 19. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan–. PMID: 29489167.)
Entisols are soils that show little or no evidence of pedogenic horizon development. (https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/conservation-basics/natural-resource-concerns/soils/entisols)
Filaments of glass which can be naturally occurring, such as Pele's hair originating from volcanoes, or can be manmade and used for a variety of products such as insulation, filters, and textiles. (https://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/228463)
Water which is used to absorb and remove heat. Cooling water may be broken down into water used in the generation of electricity in power stations, and cooling water used in other industrial processes. (https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/gemet-environmental-thesaurus)
