Variety screening is applied to selection among a large number of lines based on particular criteria and the breeding objective . The objective at this stage is to reduce the number of lines and concentrate on those that are promising as potential parental lines to be used in a breeding program. This often involves non-replicated trials. (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/487587/2/ID487587ENG.pdf)
Ergocalciferol, also known as vitamin D2 and calciferol, is a type of vitamin D found in food and used as a dietary supplement. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergocalciferol)
Mycobacterium leprae is the main causative agent of leprosy, a disease that affects the skin, nerves, and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract in humans, (Benjak, A., Avanzi, C., Singh, P. et al. Phylogenomics and antimicrobial resistance of the leprosy bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. Nat Commun 9, 352 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02576-z)
Aroma (organoleptic attribute perceptible by the olfactory organ via the back of the nose, i.e. retronasal olfactory perception when tasting. (Marcial Peña y Lillo, Eric Latrille, Gerard Casaubon, Eduardo Agosin, Edmundo Bordeu, Nathalie Martin,
Comparison between odour and aroma profiles of Chilean Pisco spirit,
Food Quality and Preference,
Volume 16, Issue 1,
2005,
Pages 59-70,
ISSN 0950-3293,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2004.01.002.)
Gnomonia leptostyla is a fungal plant pathogen. It is newly named Ophiognomonia leptostyla and occurs on walnut (Juglans spp.) and causes leaf blotch and leaf spots which is called walnut anthracnose or walnut black spot. The anamorph is Marssoniella juglandis (Lib.) Hohn. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnomonia_leptostyla)
Those seed properties which determine the potential for rapid, uniform emergence and development of normal seedlings under a wide range of field conditions. (http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~seedsci/svvt01.html)
Blastophaga is a wasp genus in the family Agaonidae (fig wasps) which pollinate figs or are otherwise associated with figs, a coevolutional relationship that has been developing for at least 80 million years. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastophaga)
Edible cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) flour is the product prepared from dried cassava chips or paste by a pounding, grinding or milling process, followed by sifting to separate the fibre from the flour. In case of edible cassava flour prepared from bitter cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl), detoxification is carried out by soaking the tubers in water for a few days, before they undergo drying in the form of whole, pounded tuber (paste) or in small pieces. (FAO & WHO. 2019. Standard for Edible Cassava Flour. Codex Standard, No. CXS 176-1989. Rome. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius)
Orgyia antiqua, the rusty tussock moth or vapourer, is a moth in the family Erebidae. (Wikipedia. 2025. Orgyia antiqua https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orgyia_antiqua)
Land subdivision refers to the act of subdividing a piece of land into two or more pieces of land for the purpose of transfer or construction. (Translated from Zhejiang University, Land Academy for National Development 2015. 土地观察 2015 Issue 4 . http://www.land.zju.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/12/e0/5544909b46d5bf92fb8d2b28eb13/cb491cea-c682-4e72-b9c9-bea0b97096c6.pdf)
Asafoetida is the dried latex (gum oleoresin) exuded from the rhizome or tap root of several species of Ferula. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asafoetida)
Agricultural research for development is a multi-dimensions research that addresses the agricultural development challenges of developing and emerging countries. (https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/sites/devco/files/methodology-agricultural-research-for-development-200806_en_2.pdf)
Xanthium orientale L. (syn. Xanthium canadense Mill., family Asteraceae), known as cocklebur, is an annual weed native to North America, which is now a neophyte distributed throughout the world. (First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces ambrosiae on Xanthium orientale in Korea
Jun Hyuk Park, Young-Joon Choi, In-Young Choi, and Hyeon-Dong Shin
Plant Disease 2023 107:12, 4018)
A Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) is an area that needs special protection through action by IMO because of its significance for recognized ecological or socio-economic or scientific reasons and which may be vulnerable to damage by international maritime activities. (IMO, 2024. Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/Pages/PSSAs.aspx)
