A volcanogenic lake is a lake formed as a result of volcanic activity. They are generally a body of water inside an inactive volcanic crater (crater lakes) but can also be large volumes of molten lava within an active volcanic crater (lava lakes) and waterbodies constrained by lava flows, pyroclastic flows or lahars in valley systems. (Adapted from: Manville, V., Hodgson, K. A., & Nairn, I. A. (2007). A review of break‐out floods from volcanogenic lakes in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 50(2), 131–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288300709509826)
Persistent winds, mainly in the lower atmosphere, which blow over vast regions from a subtropical anticyclone towards the equatorial regions. The predominant directions of the trade winds are from N.E. in the northern hemisphere and from S.E. in the southern hemisphere. (FAOTERM)
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational equivalent of linear force. (Serway, R. A. and Jewett, Jr. J.W. (2003). Physics for Scientists and Engineers. 6th Ed. Brooks Cole. ISBN 0-534-40842-7.)
Epicuticular wax is a coating of wax covering the outer surface of the plant cuticle in land plants. It may form a whitish film or bloom on leaves, fruits and other plant organs. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicuticular_wax)
A water layer characterized by a sharp increase in salinity with depth. (Anonymous (1998) AQUALEX. Multilingual glossary of aquaculture terms / Glossaire multilingue relatif aux termes utilisés en aquaculture. CD ROM, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. & Praxis Publ., UK.)
The branch of genetics that studies organisms in terms of their transcriptome, that is their complete set of mRNA. (https://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/69367)
Wild animals that are held in confinement by humans and prevented from escaping. This can occur in various settings, such as zoos, aquariums, wildlife sanctuaries, research facilities, and private collections. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
D. japonica Thunb. (Enantiophyllum): This species is mostly cultivated in Japan (where it is called Yamaimo), including in the Ryukyu and Bonin Islands, as well as in Korea and Taiwan. (Lebot, V. and Dulloo E. 2021. Global strategy for the conservation and use of yam genetic resources. Global Crop Diversity Trust, Bonn, Germany. https://www.croptrust.org/fileadmin/uploads/croptrust/Documents/Ex_Situ_Conservation_Strategies/Yams_Conservation_Strategy_2021.pdf)
Iflaviridae is a family of small non-enveloped viruses with RNA genomes of approximately 9–11 kilobases in length encoding a single polyprotein. All members infect arthropod hosts with the majority infecting insects. Beneficial and pest insects serve as hosts and infections can be symptomless (Nilaparvata lugens honeydew virus 1), cause developmental abnormalities (deformed wing virus, sacbrood virus), behavioral changes (deformed wing virus, slow bee paralysis virus) and premature mortality (deformed wing virus, slow bee paralysis virus, infectious flacherie virus, sacbrood virus). (Valles et al., (2017): ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Iflaviridae, Journal of General Virology, 98, 527–528. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000757)
A meteorological balloon, also known as a weather balloon or a sounding balloon, is a balloon (specifically a type of high-altitude balloon) that carries instruments to the stratosphere to send back information on atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wind speed by means of a small, expendable measuring device called a radiosonde. (Adapted from Wikipedia, 2024. Weather balloon. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_balloon)
Tide Charts refer to a series of maps that show the water levels throughout a bay or estuary at a particular point in time. For tidal predictions tables, see <c_dbe005df> "tide tables". (https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/faq.html)
A fossil track or ichnite – a track, trace or footstep) is a fossilized footprint. This is a type of trace fossil. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_track)
A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division. The two “sister” chromatids are joined at a constricted region of the chromosome called the centromere. (National Human Genome Research Institute, Talking Glossary
of Genomic and Genetic Terms https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary)
Consolida is a genus of about 40 species of annual flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to western Europe, the Mediterranean and Asia. (Wikipedia. 2024. Consolida. [Cited 11 November 2024] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolida)
