Collective term for the particulate material suspended within the water column. Seston includes particulate organic matter such as plankton and organic detritus as well as inorganic particles such as silt. (Anonymous (1998) AQUALEX. Multilingual glossary of aquaculture terms / Glossaire multilingue relatif aux termes utilisés en aquaculture. CD ROM, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. & Praxis Publ., UK.)
Acoustic models are models that use analytical and numerical scattering models, for example to to predict acoustic backscatter from aquatic organisms. (Adapted from https://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.4937607)
Entrainment is the unwanted passage of fish through a water intake, which is generally caused by an absent or inadequate screen surrounding the water intake. (https://dep.wv.gov/oil-and-gas/Water%20Management/Documents/Entrainment%20and%20Impingement%20Prevention%20BMPs_Final.pdf)
Note
Intaking of free-floating organisms from surrounding waters through power plant screens.
Sodium Alginate is the sodium salt form of alginic acid and gum mainly extracted from the cell walls of brown algae, with chelating activity. (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Fishing activities that are conducted for revenue through the sale of retained catch. (FAO, 2018. A third assessment of global marine fisheries discards, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 633. http://www.fao.org/3/cb1136en/cb1136en.pdf)
Note
All fishing operations, including fishing operations on rivers, lakes or canals, with the exception of subsistence fishing and recreational fishing.
Meltwater is water released by the melting of snow or ice, including glacial ice, tabular icebergs and ice shelves over oceans. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltwater)
White clover cryptic virus 2 is a species of dsRNA virus in the family Partitiviridae. (NCBI. 2025. White clover cryptic virus 2 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/datasets/taxonomy/1323525/)
This condition can be found in carcasses of cattle or sheep and sometimes pigs and turkeys soon after slaughter. The carcass meat is darker and drier than normal and has a much firmer texture. The muscle glycogen has been used up during the period of handling, transport and pre-slaughter and as a result, after slaughter, there is little lactic acid production, which results in DFD meat. This meat is of inferior quality as the less pronounced taste and the dark colour is less acceptable to the consumer and has a shorter shelf life due to the abnormally high pH-value of the meat (6.4-6.8). DFD meat means that the carcass was from an animal that was stressed, injured or diseased before being slaughtered. (FAO, 2001. Guidelines for Humane Handling, Transport and Slaughter of Livestock, RAP Publication 2001/4)
Internal tides are internal waves forced by the interaction of the barotropic tides with the bottom topography of the oceans. (https://gfd.whoi.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/18/2018/03/lecture06_21356.pdf)
Phoenix canariensis H. Wildpret (Arecaceae) is an endemic and very representative palm species in the Canary Islands. (Pérez, M. A. G., Cabrera-García, N., Curbelo, L., & Sosa, P. A. (2025). Is the endemic Phoenix canariensis H. Wildpret an orthodox species? Implications for its conservation. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.2024.2445281)
Iteroparity refers to a reproductive strategy characterized by multiple reproductive cycles over the course of a lifetime. (Lopes, G.S. (2018). Iteroparity. In: Shackelford, T., Weekes-Shackelford, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_2061-1)
The science of measurements. (FAO. 2025. Food safety and quality in the Near East and North Africa – Mapping drivers, challenges and imperatives. Cairo. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd6725en)
The practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals, organizations, and governments to conserve natural resources and the existing natural environment and, where possible, to repair damage and reverse trends. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
