The mix of sediment sizes and materials in a sediment sample. (NIWA, 2016 Glossary of terms https://niwa.co.nz/sites/niwa.co.nz/files/Sediment04_07Glossary_of_terms_0.pdf)
Infectious myonecrosis (IMN) is a viral disease of penaeid shrimp caused by infection with infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). The principal host species in which IMNV is known to cause significant disease outbreaks and mortalities is Penaeus vannamei. (https://www.woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/aahm/2009/2.2.03_IMN.pdf)
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An emerging disease of the Pacific white leg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and one of only a few internationally important diseases of crustaceans listed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), owing to its high pathogenicity (FAO, 2020).
Carvacrol (CV) is a phenolic monoterpenoid found in essential oils of oregano (Origanum vulgare), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), pepperwort (Lepidium flavum), wild bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia), and other plants. Carvacrol possesses a wide range of bioactivities putatively useful for clinical applications such antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. (Sharifi-Rad M, Varoni EM, Iriti M, Martorell M, Setzer WN, Del Mar Contreras M, Salehi B, Soltani-Nejad A, Rajabi S, Tajbakhsh M, Sharifi-Rad J. Carvacrol and human health: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res. 2018 Sep;32(9):1675-1687. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6103. Epub 2018 May 9. PMID: 29744941.)
The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a herbaceous annual that grows up to 100 cm tall and produces a tuber – also called potato – so rich in starch that it ranks as the world’s fourth most important food crop, after maize, wheat and rice. As the potato plant grows, its compound leaves manufacture starch that is transferred to the ends of its underground stems (or stolons). The stems thicken to form a few or as many as 20 tubers close to the soil surface. (FAO. 2008. The Potato. https://www.fao.org/4/i0500e/i0500e02.pdf)
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Botanically, potatoes are stem tubers, not root vegetables.
Broadleaf deciduous or partly evergreen tree/shrub, to 20 ft [6 m] high, usually smaller. Native to the eastern part of the Mediterranean area (i.e., Lebanon, western Turkey, Greece). (Oregon State University. 2025. Acer sempervirens https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/plants/acer-sempervirens)
The highest theoretical equilibrium yield that can be continuously taken (on average) from a stock under existing environmental conditions without significantly affecting the reproduction process. It is estimated using surplus production models (e.g. the Schaefer model) and other methods. In practice, however, MSY and the level of effort needed to reach it are difficult to assess. (FAO. 1999. Fishery Resources Division. Indicators for sustainable development of marine capture fisheries. FAO Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries, No. 8. Rome. https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/f22ee576-3c7d-43dd-844a-276e8a31b4bf/content)
The term "triple burden of malnutrition" refers to the coexistence of undernutrition (stunting and wasting), micronutrient deficiencies (often termed hidden hunger), and overnutrition (overweight and obesity). (Prentice AM. The Triple Burden of Malnutrition in the Era of Globalization. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2023;97:51-61. doi: 10.1159/000529005. Epub 2023 Apr 6. PMID: 37023735.)
The Ricardian approach is a cross-sectional analysis of farm land values. Land values are regressed on a set of climate variables and control variables. The strength of the approach is its ability to measure the long run impact from climate change given likely climate adaptations by farmers. The approach is not designed to measure short term weather impacts (Kelly, Kolstad and Mitchell, 2015). (https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/162265/1/NDL2017-023.pdf)
Cover the journey of food from farm to table – including when it is grown, fished, harvested, processed, packaged, transported, distributed, traded, bought, prepared, eaten and disposed of. They also encompass non-food products that constitute livelihoods and all of the people, activities, investments and choices that play a part in making available these food and agricultural products. (FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO. 2025. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025 – Addressing high food price inflation for food security and nutrition. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd6008en)
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In the FAO Constitution, the term “agriculture” and its derivatives include fisheries, marine products, forestry and primary forestry products.
The term spatial analysis describes methods to study the location, distribution, and relationship of spatial phenomena. (Schulze Bäing, A. (2014). Spatial Analysis. In: Michalos, A.C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2818)
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Analytical techniques to determine the spatial distribution of a variable, the relationship between the spatial distribution of variables, and the association of the variables of an area. It refers to the analysis of phenomena distributed in space and having physical dimensions (the location of, proximity to, or orientation of objects with respect to one another; relating to an area of a map as in spatial information and spatial analysis; referenced or relating to a specific location on the Earth's surface)
