Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic respiratory disease that results from complications related to lung injury during the treatment of infant acute respiratory distress syndrome in low-birth-weight premature infants or from abnormal lung development in older infants. Clinical signs are tachypnea, tachycardia and signs of respiratory distress such as intercostal recession, grunting and nasal flaring. (OrphaNet, 2024. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/70589)
Hyoscyamus is a highly diversified genus in the Solanaceae family, popularly referred to as ‘nightshade’, which is known to have 23 species distributed across Western Europe, North Africa, China, South-west and central Asia including India. (Fazil M, Nikhat S. Topical medicines for wound healing: A systematic review of Unani literature with recent advances. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Jul 15;257:112878. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112878. Epub 2020 Apr 20. PMID: 32325180.)
Crown gall is a bacterial disease of the stems and roots of many woody and herbaceous plants, including fruit, vegetables and ornamental plants. Infection with this disease causes knobbly swellings (galls) on stems, roots, trunks and branches. (https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=141)
Cold stress is a condition occurring when the body can no longer maintain a normal temperature. The condition can result in very serious cold-related illnesses and injuries, permanent tissue damage or death. Those working in cold environments ---with low temperatures, high wind speed, humidity, and/or contact with cold water or surfaces--- are particularly susceptible to cold stress. (https://www.msha.gov/cold-stress-related-injuries)
Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger, also black henbane and stinking nightshade) is a poisonous plant belonging to tribe Hyoscyameae of the nightshade family Solanaceae. Henbane is native to temperate Europe and Siberia, and naturalised in Great Britain and Ireland. (Wikipedia. 2025. Hyoscyamus niger https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyoscyamus_niger)
A common method of expressing the toxicity of a pesticide. It is the amount or dose of a toxicant that will kill 50% of a test population. (FAOTERM, 2024. LD50. https://www.fao.org/faoterm/en/)
Northward or southward directed ocean current flowing parallel and close to a continental margin, caused by deflection of eastward and westward transoceanic currents at the continental margin as well as the wind stress curl in that region. (Johnson, R.K., B.J. Zahuranec, D. Boltovskoy and A.C. Pierrot-Bults. 2000. Glossary of Pelagic Biogeographic Terms. https://scor-int.org/Working_Groups/WG93_Glossary.pdf)
