An ephemeral spring is one that only exists for a short period following precipitation or snowmelt. It is not the same as an intermittent or seasonal spring, which exists for longer periods, but is not perennial
A partnership in which two or more persons associate to make a profit on a short-term basis for a single transaction. It is subject to the same legal rights and restrictions as a long-term partnership. (FAO. 2008. Glossary of aquaculture. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/a1555m)
A syndrome produced by severe protein deficiency, characterized by retarded growth, changes in skin and hair pigment, edema, and pathologic changes in the liver, including fatty infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis. (DeCS/MESH. 2025. Kwashiorkor https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=24223)
Compounds used in food or in food preparation to replace dietary fats. They may be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-based. Fat substitutes are usually lower in calories but provide the same texture as fats. (MeSH. 2024. Fat Substitutes. https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D019358)
A conceptual, holistic assessment of the ability of a genotype to withstand external forces (wind and gravity) and the many biotic factors (insects, disease, etc.) that contribute lodging. This term refers to the overall behavior of a particular variety (Rajandeep S. Sekhon, Chase N. Joyner, Arlyn J. Ackerman, Christopher S. McMahan, Douglas D. Cook, Daniel J. Robertson, Stalk Bending Strength is Strongly Associated with Maize Stalk Lodging Incidence Across Multiple Environments, Field Crops Research, Volume 249, 2020, 107737, ISSN 0378-4290,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107737)
A disease caused by an infection with a protozoan parasite from the Plasmodium genus. This disease commonly presents with fever, chills, headache, nausea and vomiting, or malaise. Transmission is through the bite of an infected mosquito. Confirmation is commonly by identification of the Plasmodium genus in a blood sample. (International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision (ICD-11), World Health Organization (WHO) 2019/2021 https://icd.who.int/browse11. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-ND 3.0 IGO).)
A plant grown destined for the production of scions, cuttings and canes intended for vegetative propagation. (Adapted from OIV. 2022. OIV Guidelines for the harmonization of requirements for exchange of viticultural plant material: Phytosanitary and generic aspects https://www.oiv.int/node/2838)
Note
Any plant from which parts are used in vegetative propagation
Neurotoxicity is the capacity of chemical, biologic, or physical agents to cause adverse functional or structural change in the nervous system. (National Research Council (US) Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models for Assessing Risk. Environmental Neurotoxicology. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1992. 1, Introduction: Defining the Problem of Neurotoxicity. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234243/)
