A general term for wheat sown in the fall. The plants develop roots and leaves before winter. Winter wheat needs vernalization (a period of low temperatures, optimally 2–7 ° C), preferably in combination with a short day to form flower systems. It is harvested the following spring or summer after reaching full maturity. (AGROVOC team)
Note
According to their need for vernalization in order to become capable of flowering, wheat plants can be categorized as winter types (a strong vernalization requirement), spring types (no vernalization requirement) or facultative types (an intermediate growth habit). (Front. Plant Sci., 23 June 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00838)
The wind constancy is defined as the ratio of the vector mean and the arithmetic mean wind speeds for each hour of the day. (Zhong, S., J. Li, C. D. Whiteman, X. Bian, and W. Yao, 2008: Climatology of High Wind Events in the Owens Valley, California. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 3536–3552, https://doi.org/10.1175/2008MWR2348.1.)
In quantitative genetics, the part of the deviation of an individual phenotype from the population mean that is due to the additive effects of alleles. In practical terms: if an animal is mated with a random sample of animals from a population, that animal's breeding value for a certain trait is twice the average deviation of its offspring from the population mean for that trait. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, FAO Research and Technology Paper No. 7, Rome, FAO, 1999.)
Wood that is harvested from trees, specifically those that are suitable for use in construction, carpentry, and other applications. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
Wood that has been deliberately reduced to chips (small pieces) during the manufacture of other wood products or made directly (i.e. in the forest) from roundwood, and is suitable for pulping, for particle board and fibreboard production, for use as a fuel, or for other purposes. (Adapted from FAO. 2002. Proceedings of the workshop and training on forest product statistics, Bangkok, Thailand, 20 - 24 May 2002 https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ac628e)
Wood flour usually refers to wood particles that are small enough to pass through a screen with 850 µm openings (20 US standard mesh. (Clemons, Craig M. 2010. Wood flour. In: Functional fillers for plastics. Chapter 15. 2nd, updated and enl. ed. Weinheim, [Germany] : Wiley-VCH, c2010: p. 269-290: ISBN: 9783527323616 (hbk.): 3527323619 (hbk.).)
