Wood quality is defined as the suitability of wood for a particular end-use. Wood quality attributes can include wood density, density variation, juvenile wood/mature wood distribution, proportion of heartwood/sapwood, fibre length, fibril angle, compression wood, knots, grain and extractives. (Adapted from Columbia, C., Canada, F., Corp, Jozsa, L.A., & Middleton, G.R. (1999). A Discussion of Wood Quality Attributes and Their Practical Implications https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfp/publications/00032/SP-34%20(2).pdf)
Covered smut of barley, caused by Ustilago hordei, is a seed-borne disease. Economic loss is due to decreased yield and to contamination of healthy grains with black teliospores. (Grewal, T. S., Rossnagel, B. G., & Scoles, G. J. (2004). Mapping of a covered smut resistance gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 26(2), 156–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660409507127)
Paleobotany, also spelled as palaeobotany, is the branch of botany dealing with the recovery and identification of plant remains from geological contexts, and their use for the biological reconstruction of past environments (paleogeography), and the evolutionary history of plants, with a bearing upon the evolution of life in general. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleobotany)
A right to harvest a particular amount of resources, that can be transferred, e.g. by sale, lease, or will. A type of quota (a part of a Total Allowable Catch) allocated to individual fishermen or vessel owners and which can be sold to others. (ASFA Thesaurus)
Sonic tags are miniature radio transmitting devices that are surgically implanted into the tagged fish, bird or animal. (Adapted from The Pacific Community https://tagging.spc.int/en/about-tagging/electronic-tagging)
Climate changed caused by human activity, namely, the burning of fossil fuels. (Salt Lake Community College. 2017. An Introduction to Geology. Glossary: anthropogenic climate change https://opengeology.org/textbook/glossary/anthropogenic-climate-change/)
Extractive industry can be defined as a processes that involve different activities that lead to the extraction of raw materials from the earth (such as oil, metals, mineral and aggregates), processing and utilization by consumers. (Extractive Industries: Optimizing Value Retention in Host Countries
Claudine Sigam, Leonardo Garcia (UNCTAD)
https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/725984)
The Mustelidae are a family of carnivorous mammals, including weasels, badgers, otters, ferrets, martens, minks and wolverines, among others. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustelidae)
Shoaling waves are those that have progressed into water depths at which the interaction with the bottom affects the wave motion. (May, J.P. (1982). Waves. In: Beaches and Coastal Geology. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30843-1_495)
Fisheries Protection Vessel means a vessel not engaged in commercial activities, deployed by a State, for the purpose of monitoring, control, surveillance and law enforcement; and is clearly indentifiable being a government service. (http://www.fao.org/3/W3591E/w3591e03.htm)
In the context of agriculture, animal reproduction refers to the deliberate and controlled breeding of animals for the purpose of increasing or improving livestock populations. It involves managing the reproductive processes of farm animals to ensure efficient and successful reproduction, leading to the production of offspring that meet specific criteria for desired traits, such as productivity, health, or genetic characteristics. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
A theoretical representative nucleotide or amino acid sequence in which each nucleotide or amino acid is the one which occurs most frequently at that site in the different sequences which occur in nature. The phrase also refers to an actual sequence which approximates the theoretical consensus. (National Library of Medicine, 1991. Consensus Sequence https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68016384 Accessed 01 June 2023)
Satellite cells (SCs) are a population of muscle-resident stem cells that are essential for efficient tissue repair. (Ara B. Hwang, Andrew S. Brack, Chapter Ten - Muscle Stem Cells and Aging, Editor(s): David Sassoon, Current Topics in Developmental Biology, Academic Press, Volume 126, 2018, Pages 299-322, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ctdb.2017.08.008.)
A sustainability assessment can be defined as the process of identifying, measuring, and evaluating the potential impacts of alternatives for sustainability. (Devuyst, D., 2000. Linking impact assessment and sustainable development at the local level: the introduction of sustainability assessment systems. Sustainable Development 8, 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1719(200005)8:2<67::AID-SD131>3.0.CO;2-X)
