The original description by Coquillett is inadequate and simply refers to 'the yellow scale' on orange (Nel, 1933). (https://www.eppo.int/QUARANTINE/insects/Aonidiella_citrina/AONDCI_ds.pdf)
A galactooligosaccharide comprised of repeating α-D-galacturonide residues. (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/advancedSearchFT.do?searchString=oligogalacturonide+&submit=Search+ChEBI&queryBean.stars=2)
The biennial plant of the family Asteraceae, Onopordum acanthium L., also known as Scotch thistle, is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and cardiotonic agent. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410315/)