A salt of a fatty acid, saturated or unsaturated, containing at least eight carbon atoms or a mixture of such salts. In a domestic setting, soaps are surfactants usually used for washing, bathing, and other types of housekeeping. In industrial settings, soaps are used as thickeners, components of some lubricants, and precursors to catalysts. (Adapted from IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). Online version (2019-) created by S. J. Chalk. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook AND https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap)
fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin used in most doughs and batters to impart crisp and crumbly texture to baked products and to increase the plasticity, or workability, of doughs. (Encyclopædia Britannica)
The thin layers of tissue that surround the developing embryo. There are four extra-embryonic membranes commonly found in vertebrates, such as reptiles; birds; and mammals. They are the yolk sac, the allantois, the amnion, and the chorion. These membranes provide protection and means to transport nutrients and wastes. (DeCS/MeSH. 2025. Extraembryonic Membranes https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=5431)
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent. (Purdue University, Department of Chemistry. nd. What Is a Solution? https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/solutions/whatis.html)
Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is an important sensitive atomic spectrometric method that is suitable for the determination of selected elements at the trace and partly at the ultra-trace level. (Talanta, 2007)
A group of animals of the same species with similar appearance, similar performances and similar genetics. The affiliation of an animal to a breed is usually accompanied by an entry in a herdbook. (Adapted from https://tierstatistik.identitas.ch/en/docs.html)
Note
For individual breeds of animals use this descriptor plus that for the appropriate animal
Ice formed by the freezing of fresh water in lakes or streams, or in the ground. (From https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca Glossary of geology / Robert L. Bates and Julia A. Jackson, editors. -- https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca Bates, Robert Latimer, 1912- .Falls Church, Va. : American Geological Institute, 1980. 2d ed. -- x, 751 p.;First ed. (c1972) by M. Gary, R. McAfee, Jr., and C. L. Wolf.;ISBN 0913312150. * 1980)
An unsaturated liquid hydrocarbon obtained as a petroleum byproduct, used to make plastics and resins. (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2024. Environmental Health Sciences Glossary https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/glossary citing https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/styrene/)
