Xylans are a group of non-cellulosic heteropolysaccharides that are composed of different proportions of monosaccharide units such as D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-glucuronic acid, and D-galacturonic acid. (Saroj, Paramjeet & Manasa, Polisetty & Korrapati, Narasimhulu. (2018). Biofuels: Production of fungal-mediated ligninolytic enzymes and the modes of bioprocesses utilizing agro-based residues. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 14. 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.02.007.)
Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens. (MeSH. 2024. Immunoenzyme Techniques. https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D007124)
Xylem: plant tissue that conducts water and mineral salts from the roots to all other parts and provides mechanical support. It is composed of sapwood and heartwood, forming the wood of trees and shrubs. (European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Caudullo, G., De Rigo, D., Mauri, A. et al., European atlas of forest tree species, Caudullo, G.(editor), De Rigo, D.(editor), Mauri, A.(editor), Houston Durrant, T.(editor), San-Miguel-Ayanz, J.(editor), Publications Office of the European Union, 2016, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/776635)
A clear to opalescent liquid to be applied as a solution of the active constituent after dilution in water. The liquid may contain water-insoluble formulants. (FAO/WHO. 2016. Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides. 1st Edition, 3rd revision, FAO, Rome. Available online: http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/jmps/manual/en/ )
The yak is a bovid species that provides livelihoods for people in high mountain conditions of extreme harshness and deprivation. Yaks provide milk, meat, hair and down fibre, hides, draught power and dung (principally used as fuel). (FAO, 2024. Gateway to dairy production and products. Other animals. https://www.fao.org/dairy-production-products/dairy-animal/other-animals/en)
Yams (Dioscorea spp., Dioscoreaceae, Monocotyledons) are a staple food for millions of people in tropical countries. They also provide pharmacologically active compounds in traditional medicine and for the pharmaceutical industry. Yams are harvested every season and replanted using tuber pieces to regenerate the plant. (Lebot, V. and Dulloo E. 2021. Global strategy for the conservation and use of yam genetic resources. Global Crop Diversity Trust, Bonn, Germany. https://www.croptrust.org/fileadmin/uploads/croptrust/Documents/Ex_Situ_Conservation_Strategies/Yams_Conservation_Strategy_2021.pdf)
Extrafloral nectaries (also known as extranuptial nectaries) are specialised nectar-secreting plant glands that develop outside of flowers and are not involved in pollination, generally on the leaf or petiole (foliar nectaries) and often in relation to the leaf venation. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nectar)
