Cryosols comprise mineral soils formed in a permafrost environment. The subsurface layers (cryic horizon) are permanently frozen, and if present, water occurs in the form of ice. Cryogenic processes are the dominant soil-forming processes in most Cryosols. Cryosols are widely known as Permafrost soils, Cryomorphic soils or Polar desert soils. Other common names for many Cryosols are Gelisols (United States of America) and Cryozems (Russia). (IUSS Working Group WRB. 2015. World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, update 2015 International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106. FAO, Rome.)
Seamounts: any geographically isolated topographic feature on the seafloor taller than 100 m, including ones whose summit regions may temporarily emerge above sea level, but not including features that are located on continental shelves or that are part of other major landmasses. (Defining the Word "Seamount". March 2010 Oceanography (Washington D.C.) 23(01):20-21 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2010.85)
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Elevations of sea floor, usually volcanic, which may form islands
The external genitalia of the female. It includes the clitoris, the labia, the vestibule, and its glands. (MeSH. 2024. Vulva. https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D014844)
An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide. (MeSH. 2024. Warfarin. https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D014859)
Define and govern what is expected, appropriate and acceptable behaviour for men, women, boys and girls. Gender norms are learned early in life, shaped by belief systems, can differ within and among cultures, and depend on ethnicity, social class, age and other socioeconomic factors. (FAO. 2023. The status of women in agrifood systems. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc5343en)
Faecal pellets are small, compact, and often uniform-shaped solid waste products excreted by animals, particularly invertebrates and herbivores as well as zooplankton and nekton. (Adapted from Karthäuser, C., E. Maas, A., Niimi, Y.J., Blanco-Bercial, L., Wankel, S.D., Buesseler, K.O. and Sievert, S.M. (2026), Fecal pellet packaging enhances marine carbon sequestration. Limnol Oceanogr, 71: e70328. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70328)
Ajuga reptans, commonly called bugleweed, is a dense, rapidly spreading, mat-forming ground cover which features shiny, dark green leaves. Primary use is as a ground cover. (Missouri Botanical Garden. nd. Ajuga reptans https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=281384)
Deep-sea fisheries take place at great depths (between 200-2000 meters), on continental slopes, oceanic seamounts, ridge systems banks. These fisheries target demersal/benthic species using a range of gears including bottom and mid-water trawls, pots and longlines. (Deep-sea fisheries, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, 2020 (http://www.fao.org/fishery/topic/4440/en))
Statement about common evolutionary ancestry of two sequences. Can only be true or false. We can rarely be certain about this, it is therefore usually a hypothesis that may be more or less probable. A high degree of similarity implies a high probability of homology. (University of Oslo, 2016. Bioinformatics at UiO. What is similarity and homology? https://wiki.uio.no/projects/clsi/images/0/0c/2016-11-21_02_mbvinf4410-bioinf-2016.pdf)
Psyllobora bisoctonotata is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae and the genus Psyllobora. ts main food source is Powdery Mildew and is a well known powdery mildew feeder in several countries. (Wikipedia. 2025. Psyllobora bisoctonotata https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psyllobora_bisoctonotata)
Acetone is a manufactured chemical that is also found naturally in the environment. It is a colorless liquid with a distinct smell and taste. It evaporates easily, is flammable, and dissolves in water. CAS No. 67-64-1. (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Acetone https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/substances/ToxSubstance.aspx?toxid=1)
