Soil consisting of various mixtures of sand, silt, clay and organic matter; considered to be the nutrient-rich top layer of soil that supports plant growth. (University of Washington (1997) Soils glossary. Seattle, WA, USA, College of Forest Resources.)
A broadcast application in which a material entity is applied to an area after seedling emergence and establishment of plants. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000042)
The detailed mapping or description of the features of a relatively small area, district or locality "lay of the land"; or to the changes in the surface elevations of the ground whether flat, rolling or sloping, undulating and hilly. (FAO. 2008. Glossary of aquaculture. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/a1555m)
A topper or mechanical defoliator is used to remove all the foliage from roots and tubers such as beet roots prior to lifting. Depending on the crop, the foliage can be used for silage (Adapted from http://corn.agronomy.wisc.edu/Crops/Sugarbeet.aspx)
A general measure of the nutritive value of a feed calculated from the intake of digestible nutrients, with adjustment for the energy value of fat. (Allen V.G., C. Batello, E.J. Berretta, J. Hodgson, M.Kothmann, X. Li, J. McIvor, J. Milne, C. Morris, A. Peeters and M. Sanderson (2011) An international terminology for grazing lands and grazing animals. Grass and Forage Science, 66, 2–28.)
The act of travel for the purpose of leisure, business, or other purposes, and the provision of services thereof. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
A town is a type of a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. (Wikipedia, 2024. Town . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town)
Any chemical, material, or agent that has the potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment due to its intrinsic properties. These substances can pose a range of health hazards, including toxicity, flammability, explosiveness, corrosiveness, reactivity, or environmental hazards. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
Toxicity means a physiological or biological property which determines the capacity of a chemical to do harm or produce injury to a living organism by other than mechanical means. (FAO. 2001. Progress in the Revision of the International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides. C 2001/7, Art.2 - Terms and definitions - Code of Conduct, 2001 rev. version https://www.fao.org/3/Y1616e/Y1616e00.htm)
One of the oldest branches of pharmacology. It is the science which deals with poisons, their effects, diagnosis, antidotes and the treatment of poisoning. (FAOTERM)
A compound produced by one organism, which is deleterious to the growth and/or survival of another organism of the same or different species. (FAO Glossary of Biotechnology for Food and Agriculture, 2001)
