Single-stranded nucleic acid whose nucleotides consist of a backbone made up by a simple sugar, called ribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base, i.e. adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. (WIPO 2020. WIPO Pearl COVID-19 Glossary https://wipopearl.wipo.int/assets/static/WIPOPearl_COVID-19_Glossary.pdf)
A road is a thoroughfare for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, whose primary function is to serve as public spaces, the main function of roads is transportation. (Wikipedia, 2024. Road. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road)
Roasting: a cooking method that uses dry heat, whether an open flame, oven, or other heat source. Roasting uses indirect, diffused heat (as in an oven), and is suitable for slower cooking of meat in a larger, whole piece. (ONU 2015. NORME CEE-ONU (Norme de la Commission Économique pour l’Europe et l’Organisation des Nations Unies) (2015). Produits à base de viande de volaille y compris les préparations prêtes à cuir et les produits prêts à consommer. New York et Genève. https://unece.org/DAM/trade/agr/standard/meat/f/ProcessedPoultryMeat_2015.pdf)
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici is a fungal plant pathogen. It is a big pathogen to the tomato plant. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._lycopersici)
Nattō (なっとう or 納豆) is a traditional Japanese food made from soybeans fermented with Bacillus subtilis var. natto. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natt%C5%8D)
A fire extinguisher is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_extinguisher)
There are two main species of commercial coffee - Coffea arabica and C. canephora (robusta) . Robusta is a lower quality coffee and prices are normally about 30 to 40% less than Arabica. Robusta is used mainly in instant coffee and for blending with Arabicas to add body and crema. Robusta is normally grown in warmer areas at lower elevations unsuited to Arabica, and is considered resistant/tolerant to coffee rust. Compared with Arabica, Robusta is generally more vigorous, more productive and less vulnerable to rust. (FAO, 2005. Arabica coffee manual for Lao-PDR. https://www.fao.org/4/ae939e/ae939e00.htm)
An obsolete taxonomic genus within the family Serranidae – including rockfish or striped bass of the United States, now genus Morone. (Wiktionary. 2025. Roccus. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Roccus)
Occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial medicines. It is a natural process that happens over time through genetic changes in pathogens. Its emergence and spread is accelerated by human activity, mainly the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials to treat, prevent or control infections in humans, animals and plants. (FAOLEX. 2025. Glossary https://www.fao.org/faolex/)
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the Founding Fathers of ASEAN: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam joined ASEAN on 7 January 1984, followed by Viet Nam on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April 1999, making up what is today the ten Member States of ASEAN. (ASEAN, 2024. About ASEAN https://asean.org/about-asean/)
Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non-detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of phosphate minerals. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorite)
