Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a serious viral disease that can affect many species in the order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) including cattle, bison, water buffalo, exotic ruminants, deer and other cervids, and pigs. At least ten MCF viruses have been recognized, including two well-known agents carried by sheep and wildebeest and additional viruses normally found in goats or exotic ungulates. Each virus is highly adapted to its usual host, and is usually carried asymptomatically in this reservoir; however, it can cause serious illness in other species. (Center for Food Security and Public Health, 2019. Malignant Catarrhal Fever. https://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/malignant_catarrhal_fever.pdf)
Aceria erinea is a species of mite which causes galls on the leaves of walnut (Juglans regia). It was first described by Alfred Nalepa in 1891 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceria_erinea)
Natural Water Retention Measures (NWRM) are multi-functional measures that aim to protect and manage water resources and address water-related challenges by restoring or maintaining ecosystems as well as natural features and characteristics of water bodies using natural means and processes. (Office International de l’Eau, 2015. Natural Water Retention Measures. Glossary. http://nwrm.eu/index.php/concept/3857)
Branch of conchyliculture specialized in the breeding and rearing of bivalve molluscs of the family Veneridae (e.g. Ruditapes spp.). (Barnabé, G. (ed..) (1990) Aquaculture. Chichester, UK, Ellis Horwood. Vol.1, 528p. Vol.2, 584p)
The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene)
A vesicle is a small fluid-filled blister on the skin. (MedlinePlus [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [Review Date 6/7/2023]. Vesicles. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003939.htm)
Note
This is vesicle in the context of dermatology and symptoms, not cytoplasmic structures. A vesicle is small. It may be as tiny as the top of a pin or up to 5 millimeters wide. A larger blister is called a bulla.
A tidal datum is a standard elevation defined by a certain phase of the tide. Tidal datums are used as references to measure local water levels and should not be extended into areas having differing oceanographic characteristics without substantiating measurements. (https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/datum_options.html)
Organic material resulting from dead plant material or by-products from processing organic materials of the food industry or other industry. (RAMIRAN Glossary of terms on livestock and manure management 2011)
Where the culture equipment are kept off the bottom. (O'sullivan, D., Hilder, M. & Rough, K. (comp.) (1996) A dictionary of aquaculture. A guide to commonly used words and terms. Aquaculture Sourcebook, (6):64p. Launceston, Tasmania, Univ. Tasmania Key Centre for Aquaculture/ Turtle Press Pty Ltd., 2nd. Ed)
