Synthesis gases are mixtures from hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Raw materials are solid, liquid or gaseous fuels, which react under additivation of oxygen and / or steam at higher temperatures. Often the production of synthesis gas is a very economic recycling process of residues, which can provide the basis for basic chemical products, e.g. methanol. (Umweltbundesamt, 2001. German Notes on BAT of the production of
Large Volume Gaseous and Liquid Inorganic Chemicals https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/german-notes-on-bat-of-production-of)
Food intolerances are non-immune mediated adverse reactions. They can be categorized into three types: enzymatic, pharmacological, and undefined or idiopathic food intolerances. The most common foods implicated in intolerances include dairy products, products containing sulfites, salicylates, FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols), biogenic amines, lactose, and food additives. (FAO and WHO. 2022. Risk Assessment of Food Allergens. Part 1 – Review and validation of Codex Alimentarius priority allergen list through risk assessment. Meeting Report. Food Safety and Quality Series No. 14. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9070en)
In physical oceanography, the level of no motion is the level at which it is assumed that there is no horizontal pressure gradient and no geostrophic velocity. (https://www.oc.nps.edu/nom/day1/partd.html)
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is a continuous management function to assess whether progress is made in achieving expected results, spot bottlenecks in implementation and highlight any unintended effects (positive or negative) of a programme or project and its activities. M&E facilitates learning from past successes and challenges and those encountered during implementation. (Adapted from FAO. 2023a. Investment Learning Platform (ILP): Monitoring and Evaluation for learning and performance improvement. Cited 28 March 2023. https://www.fao.org/investment-learning-platform/themes-and-tasks/monitoring-and-evaluation/en/)
Food systems comprise all food products that originate from crop and livestock production, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, and from other sources such as synthetic biology that are meant for human consumption. (
FAO. 2021. The State of Food and Agriculture 2021. Making agrifood systems more resilient to shocks and stresses. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4476en)
A responsible investment in agriculture is an investment in the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance human life, that contributes to sustainable development, enhances food security and nutrition, respects human rights and engages all relevant stakeholders throughout the investment life cycle. (FAO RAI Team, 2021 http://www.fao.org/in-action/responsible-agricultural-investments/en/)
Russula virescens is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus Russula, and is commonly known as the green-cracking russula, the quilted green russula, or the green brittlegill. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russula_virescens)
Ezine cheese is a non-starter and long-ripened cheese produced in the Mount of Ida region of Çanakkale, Turkey, with a protected designation of origin status. (Uymaz Tezel, Başar & Akcelik, Nefise & Yuksel, Zerrin. (2019). Physicochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Protected Designation of Origin Ezine Cheese: Assessment of Non-starter Lactic Acid Bacterial Diversity with Antimicrobial Activity. food science of animal resources. 39. 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e71.)
An instrument that determines altitude of an object with respect to a fixed level (usually the ground) (e.g. an aneroid barometer used in aircraft that senses pressure changes accompanying changes in altitude). (FAOTERM)
Community gardens are collaborative projects on shared open spaces where participants share in the maintenance and products of the garden, including healthful and affordable fresh fruits and vegetables. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cited in NALT https://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/68415)
Loose smut of wheat has a wide distribution and can occur anywhere wheat is produced. It is caused by the fungus Ustilago tritici. Affected plants head out early, producing sterile heads with clumped, sooty olive-black spores in place of healthy glumes and kernels. (Crop Protection Network. 2019. Loose Smut of Wheat https://cropprotectionnetwork.org/encyclopedia/loose-smut-of-wheat)
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a member of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae and causes encephalitis, principally in horses and humans. JEV also infects pigs where it causes abortions and stillbirths. JEV is maintained in nature between mosquitoes, pigs and water birds. (https://www.woah.org/en/disease/japanese-encephalitis/)
Chrozophora tinctoria is a plant species native to the Mediterranean, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, and Central Asia. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrozophora_tinctoria)
