Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, narrowed-leaved ash, is a medium-sized tree with a wide range, which covers central-southern Europe and northwest Africa, up to the Caucasus. (Caudullo, G., Houston Durrant, T., 2016. Fraxinus angustifolia in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-MiguelAyanz, J., de Rigo, D., Caudullo, G., Houston Durrant, T., Mauri, A. (Eds.), European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. Publ. Off. EU, Luxembourg, pp. e0101d2+)
Depletion of human capital in a specific occupation or economic sector resulting from the emigration of skilled workers engaged in this occupation or sector from the country of origin to another country (or from one region of a country to another – internal migration). (Sironi, A. C. Bauloz and M. Emmanuel (eds.), 2019. Glossary on Migration. International Migration Law, No. 34. International Organization for Migration (IOM), Geneva. https://publications.iom.int/books/international-migration-law-ndeg34-glossary-migration)
The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification, (MeSH. 2024. Osteogenesis. https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D010012)
The absorption coefficient is a measure of the extinction due to absorption of monochromatic radiation as it traverses a medium. (http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Absorption_coefficient)
The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cell. (MeSH. 2024. Bone Marrow. https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001853)
Beverage whiteners: Milk or cream substitute consisting of a vegetable fat-water emulsion in water with milk protein and lactose or vegetable proteins for use in beverages such as coffee and tea. Also includes the same type of products in powdered form. Includes condensed milk analogues, blends of evaporated skimmed milk and vegetable fat and blends of sweetened condensed skimmed milk and vegetable fat. (FAO & WHO. 2023. General Standard for Food Additives. Codex Standard, No. CXS 192-1995. Rome. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius)
Grappling gear, fishing gear that wounds or kills fish rather than trapping them, e.g. harpoons, spears, arrows, etc. (https://www.fishbase.se/glossary/Glossary.php?q=wounding+gear)
Holomictic lakes are lakes that have a uniform temperature and density from surface to bottom at a specific time during the year, which allows the lake waters to mix in the absence of stratification. (Wikipedia, 2024. Holomictic lake https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holomictic_lake)
Note
Holomictic lakes mix at least occasionally, in contrast to meromictic lakes.
Empetrum nigrum (crowberry) is a 10–30 cm tall shrub with overwintering, unstalked leaves which are 3–7 mm in length, needle-like and hollow. The berry itself is a glossy black drupe. (https://www.arktisetaromit.fi/en/berries/wild%20berries/crowberry/)
A solar eclipse occurs when a portion of the Earth is engulfed in a shadow cast by the Moon which fully or partially blocks sunlight. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_eclipse)
