CAS No. 97-77-8. A carbamate derivative used as an alcohol deterrent. (National Library of Medicine. MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), Disulfiram MeSH Descriptor Data 2024. https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004221)
The term "Benelux," formed from the first two letters of each country's name, originally referred to a customs union established in 1948. Today, the term is used as a generic grouping of the three countries. The Benelux Member States of the European Union (EU) are: Belgium (BE), the Netherlands (NL) and Luxembourg (LU). (EuroStat. nd. Glossary:Benelux https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Glossary:Benelux)
The Paleogene, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period 66 million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Neogene Period 23.03 Mya. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleogene)
Tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles (tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs). The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out. (National Cancer Institute, 2025. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Alveoli. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/alveoli)
Synergism refers to the interaction between two or more "things" when the combined effect is greater than if you added the "things" on their own (a type of "when is one plus one is greater than two" effect). In toxicology, synergism refers to the effect caused when exposure to two or more chemicals at one time results in health effects that are greater than the sum of the effects of the individual chemicals. (https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/synergism.html)
Benin, officially the Republic of Benin, is a country in West Africa. Benin is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the north-west, and Niger to the north-east. (Wikipedia. 2026. Benin. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benin)
The Amaranth grain is a grain obtained from the genus Amaranth. Amaranth grows as short-lived herbs that occur in temperate and tropical regions. There are about 60 species, of which, mainly three are cultivated for grain purposes namely; A.hypocodriacus, A. cruentus and A.caudatus. when cultivated, (Uganda National Bureau of Standards, 2013. Amaranth flour — Specification. https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2013/tbt/UGA/13_2245_00_e.pdf)
Minimally processed foods are unprocessed foods altered in ways that do not add or introduce any substance but may involve subtracting parts of the food. Examples of unprocessed and minimally processed foods include fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables, pulses and meat; dried and fresh milk and milk products such as plain yoghurt; eggs; grains (cereals); flours and pastas. (FAO. 2024. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2024 – Trade and nutrition: Policy coherence for healthy diets. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd2144en)
Note
The distinction between unprocessed and minimally processed foods is not especially significant.
A part, piece, item, or observation taken or shown as representative of a whole (this may be population, physical system, ecosystem, etc.). (Piper, R.G., et al. (1982) Fish hatchery management. Washington, D.C., USA, Fish and Wildlife Service. 517p.;)
Ships specializing in scientific investigations such as aquatic resources, fisheries and marine environments, as well as experimental research on fishing gear, fishing methods and catch preservation. (GB 11781-184; basic terminology for fishing vessels)
Household Consumption and Expenditure Surveys (HCES) are complex surveys conducted on a nationally representative sample to characterize important aspects of household socioeconomic conditions. (https://inddex.nutrition.tufts.edu/data4diets/data-source/household-consumption-and-expenditure-surveys-hces)
Note
The primary objectives of HCES are to measure poverty and consumption levels, derive consumption patterns needed for the calculation of consumer price indices, and provide inputs to the compilation of national accounts. In many cases, those surveys are the only available source of information to estimate the distribution of food consumption in the population.
