Adelges (spruce gall aphids) is a genus of aphids in the order Hemiptera, family Adelgidae. They have a complex life history, involving up to five generations using two conifer host species, the primary host a spruce on which they form galls, the secondary host a species in a different genus in the family Pinaceae, on which they are free-living, usually covered with a woolly white wax secretion. (Bugwoodwiki. 2008. Adelges. https://wiki.bugwood.org/Adelges)
The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus. (EMBL-EBI, 2024. adenohypophysis morphogenesis. https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0021984)
Groundwater irrigation is defined as irrigation which relies on some mechanical system or device to lift water from an aquifer developed using a physical structure. (https://publications.iwmi.org/pdf/H_16109i.pdf)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary. The hypothalamic-pituitary axis controls it. ACTH regulates cortisol and androgen production. (Allen MJ, Sharma S. Physiology, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) [Updated 2022 Aug 15]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500031/)
The offering of learning opportunities in professional and vocational development, personal development, and social development to adults. (http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/concept1473)
Management rights are the rights to manage the interest in land in accordance with the limitations imposed by the interest. (Multilingual thesaurus on land tenure (English version)
ISBN 92-5-104283-7
http://www.fao.org/3/a-x2038e.pdf)
Advisory services typically refer to technical or policy support provided by experts to governments or organizations. These services are not legal rulings but rather guidance to inform planning, decision-making, or implementation of policies or programs. (ASFA Thesaurus)
Note
Commonly used across UNDP, World Bank, UNEP, and other development agencies, UN documentation on technical cooperation and capacity-building, UNDP’s Strategic Plan and service offer documents.
Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) is a warm season legume that originated in China, and is currently cultivated in China, Japan, the Republic of Korea and Australia. (Rawal, V. & Navarro, D. K., eds. 2019. The Global Economy of Pulses. Rome, FAO https://doi.org/10.4060/I7108EN)
Endive (Cichorium endivia L.), a vegetable consumed as fresh or packaged salads, is mostly cultivated outdoors and known to be sensitive to waterlogging in terms of yield and quality. (Testone G, Sobolev AP, Mele G, Nicolodi C, Gonnella M, Arnesi G, Biancari T, Giannino D. Leaf nutrient content and transcriptomic analyses of endive (Cichorium endivia) stressed by downpour-induced waterlog reveal a gene network regulating kestose and inulin contents. Hortic Res. 2021 May 1;8(1):92. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00513-2. PMID: 33931617; PMCID: PMC8087766.)
A group of toxic compounds, produced by Aspergillus flavus, that bind to DNA and prevent replication and transcription. Aflatoxins can cause acute liver damage and cancer. A health hazard in certain stored foods or feed. (http://www.fao.org/biotech/biotech-glossary/en/)
Beer is an alcoholic beverage obtained by fermenting a liquor prepared from malted barley, water and usually hops. Non-malted or malted cereals other than barley, as well as other crops, may also be used in addition to barley. (FAOTERM. Core commodity label.)
African horse sickness virus (AHSV) infects all equine species and is often fatal in horses and mules. It is from the family Reoviridae of the genus Orbivirus and there are 9 types (serotypes). (The Pirbright Institute, African horse sickness virus https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/ahsv Cited 3 August 2023)
African swine fever virus is a unique, enveloped, cytoplasmic, double-stranded DNA arbovirus, which is the sole member of the family Asfarviridae. (https://www.oie.int)
