The Sorbus spp. (common names rowans, whitebeams and others) are deciduous shrubs or trees, which although being widely grown in the gardens and parks, can be assigned to the underutilized plants in terms of their applications as foods, nutraceuticals and/or cosmeceuticals. Wild rowan trees are tolerant to harsh Nordic climate and poor growing environment such as rocky and windy slopes and even the mountains and may reach up to 15 m height. (Sarv V, Venskutonis PR, Bhat R. The Sorbus spp.-Underutilised Plants for Foods and Nutraceuticals: Review on Polyphenolic Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Potential. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Sep 1;9(9):813. doi: 10.3390/antiox9090813. PMID: 32882984; PMCID: PMC7555345.)
Damping-off is a common and fatal disease that affects all types of plant seedlings. The disease is most prevalent when seeds are germinated in cool, wet soils. Fortunately, seedlings are susceptible to damping-off for only a short period following emergence. Damping-off is caused by several soil-borne water molds and fungi, including (but not limited to) Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium spp. (University of Wisconsin-Madison. 2025. Damping Off https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/damping/)
S. halepense is a perennial grass which can be cultivated for fodder, but is also an extremely invasive weed with a worldwide distribution (https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/50624)
Sorghum grains are whole or decorticated grains obtained from species of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. They may be suitably dried if necessary. (FAO & WHO. 2019. Standard for Sorghum Grains. Codex Standard, No. CXS 172-1989. Rome. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius)
Auvergne is a cultural region in central France. It is now largely part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes administrative region. (Wikipedia. 2025. Auvergne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auvergne)
Auditory sensation produced by the oscillations, stress, pressure, particle displacement, and particle velocity in a medium with internal forces; pressure variation that the human ear can detect. (GEMET https://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/en/concept/7933 Accessed 24 April 2023)
Note
Physical phenomenon; for health impairing sound use <5205> "noise"
A formulation suitable for application by cold fogging equipment, either directly or after dilution. (FAO/WHO. 2016. Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides. 1st Edition, 3rd revision, FAO, Rome. Available online: http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/jmps/manual/en/)
Work that produces goods and services but which carries no direct remuneration or other form of payment like housework and care work. (https://eige.europa.eu/thesaurus/terms/1420)
