Water suspended in the uppermost layer of soil, or in the aeration zone near the ground surface, that can be discharged into the atmosphere by evapotranspiration. (World Meteorological Organization. 2012. International Glossary of Hydrology. Soil water. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000221862)
Soil water balance considers water inputs such as rainfall, irrigation, and capillary rise of water, as well as water losses including evapotranspiration, deep percolation, and surface runoff. (Li Luo, Shikun Sun, Jing Xue, Zihan Gao, Jinfeng Zhao, Yali Yin, Fei Gao, Xiaobo Luan,
Crop yield estimation based on assimilation of crop models and remote sensing data: A systematic evaluation, Agricultural Systems, Volume 210, 2023, 103711, ISSN 0308-521X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103711.)
Soil-water content is the basic state characteristic of soil; it expresses the relative quantity of water in the soil. Soil-water content can be expressed as the ratio of water amount and the amount of soil. (Novák, V., Hlaváčiková, H. (2019). Soil-Water Content and Its Measurement. In: Applied Soil Hydrology. Theory and Applications of Transport in Porous Media, vol 32. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01806-1_5)
Total soil water potential is defined as the amount of work per unit quantity of pure water that must be done by external forces to transfer reversibly and isothermally an infinitesimal amount of water from the standard state to the soil at the point under consideration. (http://cursos.puc.cl/unimit_agl_014-1/almacen/1250293854_lgurovic_sec4_pos0.pdf)
The presence or absence either of ground water or of plant available water (i.e., water held at a tension of less than 1500 kPa) in the soil or in specific horizons during periods of the year. A generally accepted classification of soil moisture regimes from wet to dry includes aquic, udic, ustic, aridic, and xeric. (http://agclass.nal.usda.gov/mtwdk.exe?k=default&l=60&w=11566&n=1&s=5&t=2)
Solanum muricatum is a species of evergreen shrub native to South America and grown for its sweet edible fruit. It is known as pepino dulce ("sweet cucumber" in English, in order to differentiate it from cucumber which is also called "pepino" in Spanish) or simply pepino. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_muricatum)
It causes chlorosis, leaf malformation, and stunting in plants. Leaflets show a mild mosaic and reddening of leaf margins. This virus is transmitted by several aphid species, (Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Integrated Pest Management (IPM IL).. 2020. Lentil package. https://ipmil.cired.vt.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Lentils-Package-2.pdf)
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) originates in the Andes from the tropical areas of high altitude. The crop is grown throughout the world but is of particular importance in the temperate climates. (FAO. 2025. Land & Water. Potato. https://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/crop-information/potato/en/)
